Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201446%18%13%23%1%3,414
200738%13%15%33%2%1,643
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who do not believe in God by religious group

% of adults who do not believe in God who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Religious traditionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Catholic36%18%10%36%< 1%114
Jewish31%25%22%22%< 1%161
Mainline Protestant35%19%20%24%2%111
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")47%17%13%22%1%2,736
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who are ages…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
At least once a week41%33%16%10%1,589
Once or twice a month43%35%13%9%580
Several times a year31%40%17%11%480
Seldom/never33%33%18%16%697
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who are…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
At least once a week28%21%23%20%6%1%1,589
Once or twice a month29%23%26%16%6%1%580
Several times a year20%22%30%21%7%1%480
Seldom/never22%18%27%23%9%2%697
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who are…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeMenWomenSample size
At least once a week68%32%1,607
Once or twice a month65%35%586
Several times a year65%35%486
Seldom/never60%40%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who identify as…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
At least once a week79%3%4%10%5%1,583
Once or twice a month81%3%5%8%3%580
Several times a year72%2%17%8%1%485
Seldom/never75%3%11%10%2%699
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who are…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
At least once a week10%14%76%1,595
Once or twice a month13%13%74%581
Several times a year19%17%64%480
Seldom/never14%17%68%695
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who have a household income of…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
At least once a week26%15%30%30%1,485
Once or twice a month17%18%35%29%547
Several times a year15%23%30%32%444
Seldom/never31%23%26%20%622
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who have completed…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
At least once a week24%33%27%17%1,600
Once or twice a month24%30%27%19%586
Several times a year23%26%29%23%486
Seldom/never44%27%18%12%705
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who are…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
At least once a week35%13%9%2%40%1,603
Once or twice a month38%11%7%1%42%585
Several times a year45%8%8%2%37%482
Seldom/never41%10%9%4%35%707
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who are…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeParentsNon-parentsSample size
At least once a week20%80%1,601
Once or twice a month23%77%586
Several times a year23%77%484
Seldom/never23%77%705
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say religion is…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
At least once a week2%9%21%67%1%1,607
Once or twice a month3%8%28%60%1%586
Several times a year3%6%28%63%< 1%486
Seldom/never3%8%19%70%< 1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who attend religious services…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week2%16%82%1%1,607
Once or twice a month3%22%75%< 1%586
Several times a year1%17%81%< 1%486
Seldom/never3%14%83%< 1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who pray…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week3%1%3%92%< 1%1,607
Once or twice a month2%2%3%93%< 1%586
Several times a year2%1%2%95%< 1%486
Seldom/never2%2%3%94%< 1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who attend prayer group…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week1%1%2%96%< 1%1,607
Once or twice a month1%2%2%95%< 1%586
Several times a year< 1%2%2%96%< 1%486
Seldom/never1%1%2%96%< 1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who meditate…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week26%11%6%56%1%1,607
Once or twice a month15%8%5%71%< 1%586
Several times a year13%8%9%70%1%486
Seldom/never9%3%2%85%1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week44%17%6%31%2%1,607
Once or twice a month23%24%13%39%1%586
Several times a year18%13%24%44%1%486
Seldom/never15%6%5%72%2%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
At least once a week1%22%47%29%2%1,607
Once or twice a month1%23%48%28%1%586
Several times a year3%21%54%21%1%486
Seldom/never2%11%61%25%1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week14%85%1%1%1,607
Once or twice a month18%82%< 1%< 1%586
Several times a year17%82%< 1%< 1%486
Seldom/never19%79%1%1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who read scripture…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week3%4%6%87%< 1%1,607
Once or twice a month1%3%6%90%< 1%586
Several times a year1%1%4%94%< 1%486
Seldom/never1%1%2%96%< 1%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say the holy scripture is…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
At least once a week< 1%1%< 1%97%2%1,607
Once or twice a month1%1%< 1%96%2%586
Several times a year1%1%< 1%95%3%486
Seldom/never1%4%< 1%89%6%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who …in heaven

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
At least once a week4%93%3%1,607
Once or twice a month4%93%4%586
Several times a year5%92%3%486
Seldom/never11%87%2%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who …in hell

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
At least once a week3%95%2%1,607
Once or twice a month3%93%3%586
Several times a year4%94%2%486
Seldom/never9%89%2%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who identify as…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
At least once a week14%17%69%1,607
Once or twice a month17%9%73%586
Several times a year22%12%66%486
Seldom/never24%26%50%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who are…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
At least once a week10%29%57%4%1,607
Once or twice a month11%32%53%4%586
Several times a year15%34%45%5%486
Seldom/never17%34%39%10%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who would rather have…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
At least once a week41%52%4%3%1,607
Once or twice a month41%53%2%3%586
Several times a year44%52%3%1%486
Seldom/never49%46%1%4%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say government aid to the poor…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week25%71%3%1%1,607
Once or twice a month26%71%2%1%586
Several times a year32%64%3%2%486
Seldom/never38%56%4%2%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say abortion should be…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
At least once a week88%9%3%1,607
Once or twice a month90%9%1%586
Several times a year89%9%2%486
Seldom/never77%19%4%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say homosexuality…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week94%4%2%1%1,607
Once or twice a month94%5%1%< 1%586
Several times a year89%8%1%1%486
Seldom/never86%10%2%2%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who …same-sex marriage

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
At least once a week92%5%3%1,607
Once or twice a month92%6%2%586
Several times a year86%11%3%486
Seldom/never82%12%6%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week15%82%2%1%1,607
Once or twice a month16%80%1%2%586
Several times a year20%77%2%1%486
Seldom/never30%66%< 1%3%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who do not believe in God by frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe

% of adults who do not believe in God who say humans…

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universeEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
At least once a week92%3%1%3%1%1,607
Once or twice a month93%2%1%3%< 1%586
Several times a year89%2%< 1%7%1%486
Seldom/never75%7%2%13%3%709
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.