Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults with a post-graduate degree by religious group
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who …in hell
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Table
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Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Catholic
54%
38%
9%
1,128
Evangelical Protestant
75%
13%
12%
959
Hindu
29%
60%
10%
104
Historically Black Protestant
78%
14%
8%
193
Jewish
12%
81%
7%
326
Mainline Protestant
40%
46%
13%
1,269
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
9%
84%
7%
1,382
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who are ages…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Hell
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Believe
9%
45%
28%
18%
2,223
Don't believe
9%
43%
28%
20%
2,972
Other/don't know
7%
40%
30%
24%
549
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who are…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
2%
16%
36%
34%
11%
1%
2,223
Don't believe
1%
16%
35%
34%
12%
1%
2,972
Other/don't know
1%
13%
33%
37%
15%
2%
549
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who are…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Hell
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
49%
51%
2,283
Don't believe
49%
51%
3,030
Other/don't know
49%
51%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who identify as…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Believe
71%
13%
7%
6%
3%
2,247
Don't believe
79%
3%
9%
5%
3%
2,988
Other/don't know
74%
8%
10%
4%
4%
566
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who are…
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Belief in Hell
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
14%
10%
76%
2,256
Don't believe
18%
11%
71%
3,005
Other/don't know
17%
10%
73%
574
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who have a household income of…
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Belief in Hell
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
9%
12%
35%
44%
2,012
Don't believe
9%
10%
31%
51%
2,745
Other/don't know
10%
11%
32%
48%
484
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who are…
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Belief in Hell
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
68%
4%
8%
4%
16%
2,275
Don't believe
64%
8%
10%
4%
15%
3,024
Other/don't know
68%
5%
9%
6%
13%
577
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who are…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
36%
64%
2,268
Don't believe
31%
69%
3,022
Other/don't know
31%
69%
576
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say they…
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Belief in Hell
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
81%
15%
2%
< 1%
1%
< 1%
2,283
Don't believe
29%
26%
12%
1%
27%
5%
3,030
Other/don't know
52%
28%
4%
3%
3%
9%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say religion is…
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Belief in Hell
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
71%
21%
6%
2%
< 1%
2,283
Don't believe
24%
26%
21%
28%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
54%
24%
13%
6%
3%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who attend religious services…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
57%
30%
13%
1%
2,283
Don't believe
19%
35%
46%
< 1%
3,030
Other/don't know
42%
36%
20%
2%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who pray…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Hell
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
72%
15%
5%
7%
1%
2,283
Don't believe
29%
15%
7%
48%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
56%
16%
6%
19%
3%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who attend prayer group…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
33%
12%
12%
43%
< 1%
2,283
Don't believe
10%
5%
7%
78%
< 1%
3,030
Other/don't know
25%
9%
10%
55%
2%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who meditate…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
49%
8%
3%
38%
2%
2,283
Don't believe
36%
11%
7%
45%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
44%
10%
5%
36%
4%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
68%
15%
9%
7%
1%
2,283
Don't believe
47%
17%
14%
20%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
59%
17%
10%
11%
3%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
46%
19%
16%
18%
1%
2,283
Don't believe
49%
18%
17%
15%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
53%
18%
16%
10%
3%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Chart
Table
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Belief in Hell
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
49%
10%
31%
8%
2%
2,283
Don't believe
11%
23%
43%
21%
3%
3,030
Other/don't know
28%
11%
39%
11%
11%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say…
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Belief in Hell
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
47%
51%
2%
< 1%
2,283
Don't believe
20%
78%
2%
< 1%
3,030
Other/don't know
33%
63%
3%
1%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who read scripture…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
48%
12%
11%
29%
< 1%
2,283
Don't believe
14%
8%
9%
70%
< 1%
3,030
Other/don't know
38%
11%
8%
42%
2%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say the holy scripture is…
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Belief in Hell
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
28%
45%
3%
18%
6%
2,283
Don't believe
3%
14%
< 1%
75%
7%
3,030
Other/don't know
11%
25%
6%
37%
21%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who …in heaven
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
95%
3%
3%
2,283
Don't believe
30%
66%
5%
3,030
Other/don't know
43%
4%
53%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who identify as…
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Belief in Hell
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
50%
12%
38%
2,283
Don't believe
21%
10%
69%
3,030
Other/don't know
35%
17%
48%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who are…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
42%
39%
16%
3%
2,283
Don't believe
12%
34%
51%
2%
3,030
Other/don't know
26%
44%
24%
5%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who would rather have…
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Belief in Hell
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
63%
33%
2%
2%
2,283
Don't believe
42%
52%
3%
3%
3,030
Other/don't know
52%
33%
7%
7%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say government aid to the poor…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
49%
46%
4%
1%
2,283
Don't believe
25%
71%
3%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
35%
52%
7%
6%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say abortion should be…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
47%
50%
3%
2,283
Don't believe
83%
15%
2%
3,030
Other/don't know
63%
31%
6%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say homosexuality…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Hell
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
55%
37%
5%
3%
2,283
Don't believe
89%
8%
2%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
66%
21%
6%
7%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who …same-sex marriage
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
47%
47%
6%
2,283
Don't believe
86%
11%
4%
3,030
Other/don't know
62%
26%
13%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say…
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Belief in Hell
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
37%
60%
2%
2%
2,283
Don't believe
17%
81%
2%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
24%
67%
4%
5%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults with a post-graduate degree by belief in hell
% of adults with a post-graduate degree who say humans…
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Belief in Hell
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
21%
36%
4%
36%
3%
2,283
Don't believe
71%
16%
5%
8%
1%
3,030
Other/don't know
37%
21%
13%
22%
7%
584
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.