Parent of children under 18 among adults who do not believe in Hell by religious group
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Religious tradition
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Buddhist
19%
81%
192
Catholic
28%
72%
2,074
Evangelical Protestant
27%
73%
957
Hindu
37%
63%
118
Historically Black Protestant
30%
70%
224
Jehovah's Witness
31%
69%
214
Jewish
25%
75%
636
Mainline Protestant
24%
76%
2,048
Mormon
40%
60%
226
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
24%
76%
5,257
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are ages…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Parents
15%
70%
14%
2%
2,747
Non-parents
29%
21%
28%
23%
9,837
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Parents
5%
21%
59%
14%
1%
< 1%
2,747
Non-parents
19%
15%
16%
35%
14%
2%
9,837
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Men
Women
Sample size
Parents
45%
55%
2,782
Non-parents
53%
47%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Parents
64%
8%
5%
19%
4%
2,746
Non-parents
73%
6%
5%
12%
4%
9,877
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Parents
22%
9%
69%
2,756
Non-parents
13%
14%
73%
9,924
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who have a household income of…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Parents
25%
15%
28%
31%
2,585
Non-parents
29%
21%
28%
22%
8,820
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who have completed…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Parents
30%
28%
23%
19%
2,775
Non-parents
34%
30%
21%
15%
9,973
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Parents
69%
10%
11%
1%
10%
2,779
Non-parents
38%
9%
13%
7%
33%
9,973
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say they…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Parents
40%
25%
9%
1%
21%
3%
2,782
Non-parents
36%
24%
10%
1%
27%
4%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say religion is…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
32%
28%
17%
23%
< 1%
2,782
Non-parents
27%
25%
20%
27%
1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who attend religious services…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
21%
36%
44%
< 1%
2,782
Non-parents
17%
31%
51%
< 1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who pray…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
38%
14%
6%
41%
< 1%
2,782
Non-parents
32%
13%
7%
47%
1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who attend prayer group…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
15%
7%
7%
72%
< 1%
2,782
Non-parents
11%
5%
6%
78%
< 1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who meditate…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
36%
10%
5%
49%
1%
2,782
Non-parents
34%
10%
5%
49%
1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
51%
16%
10%
21%
1%
2,782
Non-parents
47%
16%
11%
25%
1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
46%
17%
14%
22%
1%
2,782
Non-parents
49%
15%
13%
21%
1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
15%
15%
53%
16%
2%
2,782
Non-parents
13%
18%
52%
15%
2%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
25%
74%
1%
1%
2,782
Non-parents
22%
76%
1%
1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who read scripture…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
19%
8%
8%
64%
1%
2,782
Non-parents
17%
7%
7%
68%
1%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say the holy scripture is…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
12%
19%
1%
61%
7%
2,782
Non-parents
10%
17%
1%
65%
7%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who …in heaven
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
41%
54%
5%
2,782
Non-parents
37%
57%
5%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Parents
27%
22%
51%
2,782
Non-parents
26%
18%
56%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
22%
36%
36%
6%
2,782
Non-parents
21%
35%
38%
6%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who would rather have…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
46%
48%
3%
3%
2,782
Non-parents
48%
45%
3%
4%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say government aid to the poor…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
38%
57%
4%
1%
2,782
Non-parents
35%
60%
3%
2%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say abortion should be…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
68%
29%
3%
2,782
Non-parents
74%
22%
4%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say homosexuality…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
80%
15%
3%
2%
2,782
Non-parents
80%
14%
3%
2%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who …same-sex marriage
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
74%
20%
6%
2,782
Non-parents
75%
19%
6%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
28%
67%
2%
3%
2,782
Non-parents
27%
68%
2%
3%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who do not believe in Hell by parental status
% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say humans…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
54%
20%
4%
20%
2%
2,782
Non-parents
57%
17%
4%
18%
3%
10,022
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.