Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who are ages…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
At least once a week
36%
41%
13%
10%
358
Once or twice a month
45%
36%
13%
6%
157
Seldom/never
43%
33%
15%
9%
463
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
At least once a week
25%
22%
31%
17%
5%
< 1%
358
Once or twice a month
31%
30%
20%
15%
4%
< 1%
157
Seldom/never
30%
19%
26%
18%
5%
1%
463
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Men
Women
Sample size
At least once a week
65%
35%
359
Once or twice a month
67%
33%
159
Seldom/never
69%
31%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
At least once a week
75%
4%
6%
11%
3%
354
Once or twice a month
80%
2%
7%
8%
3%
158
Seldom/never
80%
2%
7%
9%
1%
470
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
At least once a week
14%
12%
74%
356
Once or twice a month
13%
13%
74%
157
Seldom/never
11%
15%
74%
469
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who have a household income of…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
At least once a week
24%
15%
31%
30%
339
Once or twice a month
20%
22%
28%
31%
151
Seldom/never
27%
17%
27%
30%
423
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who have completed…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
At least once a week
26%
25%
32%
17%
359
Once or twice a month
15%
34%
34%
18%
158
Seldom/never
29%
37%
21%
13%
473
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
At least once a week
42%
15%
8%
2%
33%
358
Once or twice a month
30%
15%
11%
< 1%
44%
159
Seldom/never
35%
11%
10%
2%
43%
471
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
At least once a week
30%
70%
359
Once or twice a month
18%
82%
159
Seldom/never
18%
82%
473
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say they…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
At least once a week
4%
5%
3%
1%
85%
2%
359
Once or twice a month
2%
1%
1%
< 1%
95%
1%
159
Seldom/never
1%
2%
1%
< 1%
95%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say religion is…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
4%
6%
12%
78%
< 1%
359
Once or twice a month
2%
3%
11%
84%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
1%
4%
10%
85%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who attend religious services…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
2%
11%
87%
< 1%
359
Once or twice a month
1%
12%
87%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
1%
9%
90%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who pray…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
4%
< 1%
1%
94%
< 1%
359
Once or twice a month
1%
2%
1%
97%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
< 1%
< 1%
1%
99%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who attend prayer group…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
2%
< 1%
2%
96%
< 1%
359
Once or twice a month
< 1%
3%
< 1%
97%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
< 1%
< 1%
1%
99%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who meditate…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
33%
11%
5%
51%
< 1%
359
Once or twice a month
13%
18%
10%
60%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
10%
5%
2%
83%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
74%
11%
5%
9%
1%
359
Once or twice a month
59%
23%
10%
8%
1%
159
Seldom/never
42%
15%
12%
30%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
2%
25%
41%
32%
1%
359
Once or twice a month
< 1%
23%
33%
40%
3%
159
Seldom/never
< 1%
17%
49%
31%
2%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
15%
83%
< 1%
1%
359
Once or twice a month
20%
80%
< 1%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
14%
85%
1%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who read scripture…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
5%
6%
6%
83%
< 1%
359
Once or twice a month
1%
2%
6%
91%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
1%
2%
4%
93%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say the holy scripture is…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
2%
2%
< 1%
95%
1%
359
Once or twice a month
< 1%
1%
< 1%
98%
2%
159
Seldom/never
< 1%
1%
< 1%
96%
3%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who …in heaven
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
7%
91%
2%
359
Once or twice a month
2%
97%
1%
159
Seldom/never
3%
96%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who …in hell
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
4%
94%
2%
359
Once or twice a month
2%
98%
1%
159
Seldom/never
3%
96%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
At least once a week
15%
19%
66%
359
Once or twice a month
10%
8%
82%
159
Seldom/never
17%
17%
65%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
12%
32%
53%
3%
359
Once or twice a month
3%
26%
66%
4%
159
Seldom/never
11%
27%
56%
5%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who would rather have…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
43%
49%
5%
2%
359
Once or twice a month
31%
62%
4%
3%
159
Seldom/never
42%
52%
3%
2%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say government aid to the poor…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
23%
73%
2%
2%
359
Once or twice a month
16%
79%
5%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
25%
71%
3%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say abortion should be…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
86%
11%
3%
359
Once or twice a month
90%
8%
1%
159
Seldom/never
87%
11%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say homosexuality…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
93%
5%
1%
1%
359
Once or twice a month
97%
2%
< 1%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
94%
4%
2%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who …same-sex marriage
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
91%
5%
4%
359
Once or twice a month
95%
3%
3%
159
Seldom/never
92%
5%
3%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
17%
77%
3%
2%
359
Once or twice a month
11%
87%
1%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
19%
78%
2%
1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among atheists by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
% of atheists who say humans…
Chart
Table
Share
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
At least once a week
90%
2%
2%
5%
1%
359
Once or twice a month
96%
3%
< 1%
1%
< 1%
159
Seldom/never
91%
2%
1%
5%
< 1%
474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.