Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who are ages…
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Views about size of government
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
32%
38%
21%
9%
3,484
Bigger government; more services
39%
36%
17%
8%
3,369
Depends
21%
42%
23%
15%
280
Don't know
29%
36%
19%
16%
304
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who are…
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Views about size of government
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
20%
20%
29%
24%
6%
< 1%
3,484
Bigger government; more services
25%
23%
28%
20%
5%
< 1%
3,369
Depends
12%
21%
30%
28%
8%
2%
280
Don't know
14%
23%
28%
23%
11%
1%
304
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who are…
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Views about size of government
Men
Women
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
65%
35%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
49%
51%
3,419
Depends
58%
42%
285
Don't know
56%
44%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who identify as…
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Views about size of government
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
76%
5%
4%
10%
4%
3,467
Bigger government; more services
60%
13%
6%
17%
4%
3,383
Depends
76%
7%
5%
8%
5%
277
Don't know
71%
6%
3%
14%
6%
300
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who are…
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Views about size of government
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
9%
12%
79%
3,491
Bigger government; more services
16%
12%
71%
3,365
Depends
11%
10%
79%
277
Don't know
14%
10%
75%
302
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who have a household income of…
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Views about size of government
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
27%
22%
28%
22%
3,192
Bigger government; more services
38%
19%
24%
19%
3,101
Depends
32%
17%
30%
22%
248
Don't know
37%
21%
22%
21%
249
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who have completed…
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Views about size of government
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
38%
36%
17%
9%
3,529
Bigger government; more services
39%
29%
19%
14%
3,411
Depends
35%
33%
20%
12%
284
Don't know
38%
34%
18%
10%
308
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who are…
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Views about size of government
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
40%
10%
11%
3%
35%
3,525
Bigger government; more services
34%
12%
12%
2%
39%
3,407
Depends
44%
12%
8%
7%
29%
285
Don't know
38%
14%
12%
6%
31%
306
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who are…
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Views about size of government
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
25%
75%
3,528
Bigger government; more services
28%
72%
3,411
Depends
25%
75%
283
Don't know
24%
76%
310
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say they…
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Views about size of government
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
27%
23%
12%
1%
31%
6%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
27%
22%
11%
< 1%
36%
4%
3,419
Depends
26%
11%
12%
2%
35%
14%
285
Don't know
29%
19%
10%
1%
29%
12%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say religion is…
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Views about size of government
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
11%
23%
27%
39%
1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
15%
21%
25%
39%
1%
3,419
Depends
16%
16%
25%
42%
2%
285
Don't know
13%
20%
25%
37%
5%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who attend religious services…
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Views about size of government
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
4%
23%
73%
< 1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
4%
26%
70%
< 1%
3,419
Depends
6%
19%
75%
< 1%
285
Don't know
6%
17%
77%
1%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who pray…
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Views about size of government
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
18%
11%
7%
64%
< 1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
20%
11%
7%
61%
< 1%
3,419
Depends
23%
6%
6%
62%
3%
285
Don't know
25%
9%
6%
57%
3%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who attend prayer group…
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Views about size of government
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
4%
3%
3%
90%
< 1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
5%
4%
4%
87%
< 1%
3,419
Depends
2%
4%
3%
89%
1%
285
Don't know
9%
2%
4%
83%
1%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who meditate…
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Views about size of government
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
25%
10%
5%
60%
1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
25%
10%
5%
59%
1%
3,419
Depends
40%
8%
3%
48%
1%
285
Don't know
31%
8%
7%
49%
4%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Views about size of government
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
38%
15%
11%
34%
1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
40%
17%
11%
30%
2%
3,419
Depends
47%
15%
8%
24%
6%
285
Don't know
40%
10%
11%
33%
6%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Views about size of government
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
47%
15%
12%
25%
1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
46%
17%
12%
24%
1%
3,419
Depends
58%
14%
9%
17%
3%
285
Don't know
46%
16%
10%
25%
4%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Views about size of government
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
6%
16%
62%
15%
2%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
8%
19%
53%
19%
2%
3,419
Depends
7%
20%
50%
18%
6%
285
Don't know
7%
18%
49%
13%
12%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say…
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Views about size of government
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
24%
74%
1%
1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
17%
81%
< 1%
1%
3,419
Depends
16%
76%
6%
2%
285
Don't know
13%
77%
4%
6%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who read scripture…
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Views about size of government
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
9%
5%
6%
80%
< 1%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
10%
6%
5%
78%
< 1%
3,419
Depends
9%
5%
7%
77%
1%
285
Don't know
11%
10%
3%
73%
2%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say the holy scripture is…
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Views about size of government
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
6%
12%
1%
74%
7%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
13%
10%
1%
70%
5%
3,419
Depends
4%
5%
2%
72%
18%
285
Don't know
11%
6%
2%
62%
20%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who …in heaven
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Views about size of government
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
37%
53%
9%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
39%
53%
8%
3,419
Depends
19%
64%
17%
285
Don't know
31%
47%
22%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who …in hell
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Views about size of government
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
26%
66%
8%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
29%
64%
6%
3,419
Depends
14%
68%
18%
285
Don't know
26%
55%
19%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who identify as…
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Views about size of government
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
38%
25%
38%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
11%
18%
70%
3,419
Depends
8%
34%
59%
285
Don't know
8%
35%
57%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who are…
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Views about size of government
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
25%
44%
25%
7%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
12%
28%
53%
7%
3,419
Depends
9%
35%
44%
12%
285
Don't know
11%
33%
33%
23%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say government aid to the poor…
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Views about size of government
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
53%
41%
4%
2%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
22%
75%
2%
1%
3,419
Depends
18%
59%
20%
3%
285
Don't know
21%
57%
8%
14%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say abortion should be…
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Views about size of government
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
73%
23%
4%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
74%
24%
3%
3,419
Depends
74%
16%
10%
285
Don't know
64%
20%
16%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say homosexuality…
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Views about size of government
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
80%
14%
3%
3%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
86%
10%
2%
2%
3,419
Depends
84%
7%
6%
3%
285
Don't know
75%
12%
3%
10%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who …same-sex marriage
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Views about size of government
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
74%
19%
7%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
82%
14%
4%
3,419
Depends
81%
10%
9%
285
Don't know
72%
12%
16%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say…
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Views about size of government
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
37%
59%
2%
2%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
19%
77%
1%
2%
3,419
Depends
13%
74%
7%
6%
285
Don't know
16%
62%
9%
13%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among the Unaffiliated by views about size of government
% of the Unaffiliated who say humans…
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Views about size of government
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Smaller government; fewer services
61%
16%
5%
15%
2%
3,541
Bigger government; more services
66%
13%
3%
16%
2%
3,419
Depends
65%
11%
8%
9%
7%
285
Don't know
50%
14%
14%
9%
12%
311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.