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Religious Landscape Study

Religious Landscape Study

ReligionsGeographyTopics & QuestionsUser Guide

Religious composition of liberals who are in Pennsylvania

Christian 54%
Evangelical Protestant 9%
Baptist Family (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Southern Baptist Convention< 1%
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Missionary Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Conservative Baptist Association of America< 1%
Free Will Baptist< 1%
General Association of Regular Baptist Churches< 1%
Other Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Methodist Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Nondenominational Family (Evangelical Trad.) 2%
Nondenominational evangelical 1%
Nondenominational fundamentalist< 1%
Nondenominational charismatic< 1%
Nondenominational Christian (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Interdenominational (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Community Church (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Other Nondenominational (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Lutheran Family (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod 1%
Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod< 1%
Other Lutheran (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Presbyterian Family (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Presbyterian Church in America< 1%
Other Presbyterian (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Pentecostal Family (Evangelical Trad.) 2%
Assemblies of God 1%
Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)< 1%
Foursquare Church< 1%
Pentecostal Church of God< 1%
Pentecostal Holiness Church< 1%
Calvary Chapel< 1%
Apostolic Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Nondenominational Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Church of God of the Apostolic Faith< 1%
Other Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Episcopalian/Anglican Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Restorationist Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Churches of Christ< 1%
Christian Churches and Churches of Christ< 1%
Other Restorationist (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Congregationalist Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Conservative Congregational Christian Conference< 1%
Other Congregationalist (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Holiness Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Church of the Nazarene< 1%
Wesleyan Church< 1%
Free Methodist Church< 1%
Christian and Missionary Alliance< 1%
Church of God (Anderson, Indiana)< 1%
Other Holiness (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Reformed Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Christian Reformed Church< 1%
Other Reformed (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Adventist Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Seventh-day Adventist< 1%
Other Adventist (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Anabaptist Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Pietist Family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Other evangelical/fundamentalist family (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%
Nonspecific Protestant Family (Evangelical Trad.) 1%
Mainline Protestant 19%
Baptist Family (Mainline Trad.) 2%
American Baptist Churches USA 1%
Other Baptist (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Methodist Family (Mainline Trad.) 2%
United Methodist Church 2%
Other Methodist (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Nondenominational Family (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Interdenominational (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Other Nondenominational (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Lutheran Family (Mainline Trad.) 4%
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) 3%
Other Lutheran (Mainline Trad.) 1%
Presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) 3%
Presbyterian Church (USA) 2%
Other Presbyterian (Mainline Trad.) 1%
Episcopalian/Anglican Family (Mainline Trad.) 2%
Episcopal Church 2%
Anglican Church< 1%
Other Episcopalian/Anglican (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Restorationist Family (Mainline Trad.) 1%
Disciples of Christ< 1%
Other Restorationist (Mainline Trad.) 1%
Congregationalist Family (Mainline Trad.) 1%
United Church of Christ 1%
Other Congregationalist (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Reformed Family (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Reformed Church in America< 1%
Other Reformed (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Anabaptist Family (Mainline Trad.)< 1%
Friends Family (Mainline Trad.) 1%
Nonspecific Protestant Family (Mainline Trad.) 2%
Historically Black Protestant 7%
Baptist Family (Historically Black Protestant Trad.) 4%
National Baptist Convention 1%
Progressive Baptist Convention< 1%
Independent Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
Missionary Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
Other Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.) 3%
Methodist Family (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
African Methodist Episcopal Church< 1%
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church< 1%
Christian Methodist Episcopal Church< 1%
Other Methodist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
Pentecostal Family (Historically Black Protestant Trad.) 2%
Church of God in Christ 2%
Apostolic Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
United Pentecostal Church International< 1%
Other Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
Holiness Family (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
Nondenominational Family (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
Nonspecific Protestant Family (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)< 1%
Catholic 16%
Mormon< 1%
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints< 1%
Other Mormon< 1%
Orthodox Christian 1%
Greek Orthodox< 1%
Russian Orthodox 1%
Orthodox Church in America< 1%
Other Orthodox Christian< 1%
Jehovah's Witness 1%
Other Christian< 1%
Metaphysical Family< 1%
Spiritualist< 1%
Unity Church< 1%
Other Metaphysical Christian ("Other Christian" Trad.)< 1%
Others in the "Other Christian" Tradition< 1%
Non-Christian Faiths 11%
Jewish 2%
Muslim 1%
Buddhist 1%
Hindu 1%
Other World Religions< 1%
Other Faiths 6%
Unitarians and other liberal faiths in the "Other Faiths" Tradition 5%
Unitarian 1%
Humanist< 1%
Deist< 1%
Spiritual but not religious 2%
Eclectic, a bit of everything, "I have my own beliefs" 1%
Other in the "Unitarian and other liberal faiths" family 2%
New Age< 1%
Pagan or Wiccan< 1%
Other in the New Age family< 1%
Native American Religions 1%
Unaffiliated (religious "nones") 34%
Atheist 8%
Agnostic 6%
Nothing in particular 20%
Nothing in particular (religion not important) 14%
Nothing in particular (religion important) 6%
Don't know 1%

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who are ages…

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Survey year18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
201430%29%23%19%318
200724%40%23%13%352
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: age group among liberals by stateage group among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Generational cohort among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who are…

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Survey yearYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
201420%15%23%28%12%1%318
2007< 1%20%30%33%13%3%352
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: generational group among liberals by stategenerational group among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Gender composition among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who are…

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Survey yearMenWomenSample size
201443%57%321
200749%51%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: gender among liberals by stategender among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Racial and ethnic composition among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who identify as…

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Survey yearWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
201476%12%2%7%2%318
200774%14%3%5%4%351
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: race/ethnicity among liberals by staterace/ethnicity among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Immigrant status among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who are…

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Survey yearImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
201411%7%82%315
20078%7%84%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: immigrant status among liberals by stateimmigrant status among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Income distribution among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who have a household income of…

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Survey yearLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
201436%20%23%21%282
200737%19%27%17%297
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: household income among liberals by statehousehold income among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Educational distribution among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who have completed…

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Survey yearHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
201442%24%19%16%319
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: educational group among liberals by stateeducational group among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Marital status among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who are…

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Survey yearMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
201439%9%13%8%32%321
200735%10%14%10%32%355
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: marital status among liberals by statemarital status among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Parent of children under 18 among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who are…

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Survey yearParentsNon-parentsSample size
201427%73%320
200729%71%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: parental status among liberals by stateparental status among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say they…

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Survey yearBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
201445%25%8%1%18%3%321
200757%20%7%2%11%4%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: belief in God among liberals by statebelief in God among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Importance of religion in one's life among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say religion is…

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Survey yearVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
201436%26%15%23%< 1%321
200738%33%13%15%1%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: importance of religion among liberals by stateimportance of religion among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Attendance at religious services among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who attend religious services…

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Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201421%33%46%< 1%321
200724%40%36%< 1%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: religious attendance among liberals by statereligious attendance among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Frequency of prayer among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who pray…

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Survey yearAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201440%17%7%36%< 1%321
200746%19%8%26%2%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: frequency of prayer among liberals by statefrequency of prayer among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who attend prayer group…

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Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201415%6%7%72%< 1%321
200712%7%6%74%1%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: attendance at prayer groups among liberals by stateattendance at prayer groups among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Frequency of meditation among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who meditate…

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Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201435%12%7%45%< 1%321
200737%5%5%52%1%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: frequency of meditation among liberals by statefrequency of meditation among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

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Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201450%14%12%24%1%321
200742%14%16%25%3%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing among liberals by statefrequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

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Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201447%19%12%22%< 1%321
200736%17%18%24%5%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe among liberals by statefrequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

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Survey yearReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
201423%14%45%18%1%321
200717%13%62%6%2%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: sources of guidance on right and wrong among liberals by statesources of guidance on right and wrong among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say…

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Survey yearThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201421%78%1%1%321
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: belief in existence of standards for right and wrong among liberals by statebelief in existence of standards for right and wrong among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Frequency of reading scripture among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who read scripture…

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Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201421%8%10%61%< 1%321
200722%11%7%59%2%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: frequency of reading scripture among liberals by statefrequency of reading scripture among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Interpreting scripture among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say the holy scripture is…

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Survey yearWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
201421%15%< 1%58%5%321
200722%20%1%47%10%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: interpretation of scripture among liberals by stateinterpretation of scripture among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Belief in Heaven among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who …in heaven

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Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201455%37%8%321
200767%23%10%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: belief in heaven among liberals by statebelief in heaven among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Belief in Hell among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who …in hell

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Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201443%50%7%321
200745%44%11%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: belief in hell among liberals by statebelief in hell among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who identify as…

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Survey yearRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
20149%16%75%321
200711%14%75%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: political party among liberals by statepolitical party among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Views about size of government among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who would rather have…

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Survey yearSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
201429%65%3%3%321
200733%60%3%4%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: views about size of government among liberals by stateviews about size of government among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Views about government aid to the poor among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say government aid to the poor…

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Survey yearDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201425%73%2%< 1%321
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: views about government aid to the poor among liberals by stateviews about government aid to the poor among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Views about abortion among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say abortion should be…

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Survey yearLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
201470%25%5%321
200771%25%5%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: views about abortion among liberals by stateviews about abortion among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Views about homosexuality among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say homosexuality…

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Survey yearShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201479%16%3%3%321
200773%22%1%4%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: views about homosexuality among liberals by stateviews about homosexuality among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Views about same-sex marriage among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who …same-sex marriage

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Survey yearStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
201477%17%6%321
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: views about same-sex marriage among liberals by stateviews about same-sex marriage among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Views about environmental regulation among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say…

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Survey yearStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201421%78%1%1%321
200724%71%2%3%358
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: views about environmental protection among liberals by stateviews about environmental protection among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

Views about human evolution among liberals who are in Pennsylvania

% of liberals who are in Pennsylvania who say humans…

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Survey yearEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
201455%20%4%19%2%321
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Compare: views about human evolution among liberals by stateviews about human evolution among adults in Pennsylvania by political ideology

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