Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World

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    1. Why do levels of religious observance vary by age and country?

    Social scientists have proposed various explanations for age gaps in religious commitment around the world. One common explanation is that new generations become less religious in tandem with economic development – as collective worries about day-to-day survival become less pervasive and tragic events become less frequent. According to this line of thinking, each generation in […]

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    4. Orthodox take socially conservative views on gender issues, homosexuality

    On environmentalism and homosexuality, Orthodox Christians are largely united in their views. Most Eastern Orthodox Christians – whose spiritual leader, Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew, has been called the “Green Patriarch” – favor environmental protection, even at the expense of economic growth. And the vast majority of Orthodox Christians say homosexuality should be discouraged by society, though […]

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    Orthodox Christianity in the 21st Century

    Concentrated in Europe, Orthodox Christians have declined as share of the global Christian population, from 20% in 1910 to 12% today. But the Ethiopian community is highly observant and growing.

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    Appendix B: Survey methodology

    Muslim Americans constitute a population that is rare, dispersed and diverse. It includes many recent immigrants from multiple countries with different native languages who may have difficulty completing a public opinion survey in English. The intense attention paid to Muslims in the aftermath of terrorist attacks in the U.S. and abroad, as well as the […]

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    7. How religion may affect educational attainment: scholarly theories and historical background

    Religion and education, two of humankind’s most ancient endeavors, have long had a close relationship. Historians and social scientists have written about this relationship and about how the two may influence each other. This chapter presents a broad overview of scholarly research into the ways religion can affect educational achievement. It is not an exhaustive […]

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